Description
Botanical name:
Solanum melongena
Family:
Solanaceae
Spacing:
18-24 inches apart, with rows 24-36 inches apart
Depth:
1/4 to 1/2 inch deep
Sun & Soil Requirements:
- Full sun
- Fertile, well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8
- At least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day
Indoors:
- Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date
- Transplant seedlings outdoors when they are 4-6 inches tall and the soil has warmed up to at least 60°F (15.6°C)
Outdoors:
Plant outdoors in the garden after the last expected frost date when the soil has warmed up to at least 60°F (15.6°C)
Germination Time:
7-14 days, depending on soil temperature
Companion Planting:
- Plant with beans, marigold, and peppers
- Avoid planting with fennel or potatoes
Watering requirements:
- Consistent moisture
- Deep watering but infrequently
- Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot
Fertilizer requirements:
- Balanced fertilizer at planting time and once a month thereafter
- Avoid over-fertilizing with nitrogen
Pests:
- Susceptible to flea beetles and spider mites
- Use row covers to protect against flea beetles
- Use insecticidal soap or neem oil to control spider mites
Timing:
- Plant after last expected frost date
- 60-70 days to maturity
Growing:
- Staking or supporting is recommended
- Pinch off the first flowers that appear to promote vegetative growth and a larger harvest
- Pinch off the growing tip of the plant once it reaches 12-18 inches in height to encourage branching and a bushier plant
Harvest Tips:
- Harvest when fruits have reached full size and have a glossy sheen
- Cut the stem with a sharp knife or pruners leaving a small portion of stem attached to the fruit
Season Tolerance:
- Heat-loving plants
- Do not tolerate frost
- Protect if temperatures drop below 55°F (12.8°C)
